Accounting for potential confounding variables, our analyses reveal higher rhythmicity of cyclic movements of the limbs than of the jaw. We compared rhythmicity of cyclic jaw and limb movements in feeding and locomotor systems in 261 tetrapod species in a phylogenetic context. If this hypothesis is correct, then it stands to reason that other biomechanical variables in the feeding and locomotor systems should also reflect these divergent functions. Įvolutionary analyses of joint kinematics and muscle mechanics suggest that, during cyclic behaviors, tetrapod feeding systems are optimized for precise application of forces over small displacements during chewing while locomotor systems are more optimized for large and rapid joint excursions during walking and running. We pre-registered our meta-analysis, with all search protocol, datasets, code, and supplementary made available on the OSF. Study heterogeneity was, Q(XX) = XXX.XX, p =. We found support/no support/mixed support for action-effect in ], support/no support/mixed support for action-effect in ], and support/no support/mixed support for action-effect in ]. In this registered report, we conducted a meta-analysis of the action effect literature (k =, N =, 1982-2021). This meta-analysis confirms the superiority of combination therapy over monotherapy in rheumatoid arthritis, in accordance to the usual guidelines.Īction-effect refers to the phenomenon in which people experience, associate, or attribute stronger emotions for action compared to inaction. The results were mostly similar for all other outcomes without increasing the risk of adverse effects. Compared to bDMARD monotherapy, combination therapy gives a better ACR 20 at 24 weeks (RR: 0.88 (0.84-0.94)) in fixed and random effect models, and this result is sustained at 52 and 104 weeks. No study satisfied our search criteria for anakinra, certolizumab and infliximab. Major outcome: ACR 20 response criteria at 24 weeks.Ĭlinical and radiographic criteria at week 24, 52 and 104.Ģ3 trials (6358 patients), including seven bDMARDs and one other molecule: Anbainuo (anti-TNF-R). Research was limited to randomized controlled trials. Update the available evidence comparing biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in combination with conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (CsDMARDs) to bDMARDs in monotherapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |